Wednesday, 29 November 2017

behaviourist perspective



Behaviourist = accounts for behaviour in terms of observable events and ignores "mind" and "emotion", assumes behaviour is a consequence of history, including reinforcement and punishment, the current motivational state and controlling stimuli

Generally accepts inheritance and environmental factors as causes for psychology

learning theory= empiricism (knowledge coming from our senses) since we start a tabula (blank slate) and the physical sciences


Conditioning

Classical conditioning-
Pavlov = an unconditioned stimulus + neutral stimulus = a conditioned stimulus + conditioned response (this can explain salivation, arousal and fear)

Operant conditioning-
Skinner = learning by consequence, e.g. performing a behaviour that results in positive reinforcement makes us more likely to repeat that behaviour, and behaviour that results in negative reinforcement = less likely to repeat


Observing

When an observer imitates modelled behaviour (Bandura's bobo doll), attention to it and memory  = new behaviour
This is a newer idea and apparently suggests behaviour can be unlearned
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