- Raw data
raw data = data that hasn't been processed
tally chart/frequency table = used in observations, has categories, adds together to give total of each category
standard form = represents very small or very large numbers simply and shows how many x10 it is, e.g 3x10 (4) = 3x10x10x10x10
decimal form = way of interpreting numbers less than 1
significant figure = simplifies a long number, e.g. 6640 to 1.s.f. = 7000 because the second number is over 5
- Types of data
Nominal level data = data in named categories
Ordinal level data = recording data as points on a scale, gaps between points are not always equal
Interval level data = records data as points on a scale, gaps between points are equal
Primary data = data gathered directly from sample
Secondary data = gathered from research done by other people
- Descriptive statistics
Measures of central tendency = mode, median + mean
(if you don't know what these are don't take psychology)
Measures of dispersion
-Variance = average of squared differences
-Range = highest - lowest
-Standard deviation = how spread out the scores are
Bar chart- bars columns, not touching
Histogram = data grouped into ranges and plotted into bars/columns and they do touch each other
- Inferential statistics
Normal distribution curve = bell shaped, 1 high point in the middle at the point of all 3 central tendencies
Skewed distribution curve = measures of central tendency do not lie in the middle together, can either be to the left (positive) or to the right (negative)
Significance level = probability that patterns in results rose by chance, usually at p. <0.05