Friday, 24 November 2017

data recording, analysis + presentation



  • Raw data
raw data = data that hasn't been processed

tally chart/frequency table = used in observations, has categories, adds together to give total of each category

standard form = represents very small or very large numbers simply and shows how many x10 it is, e.g 3x10 (4) = 3x10x10x10x10 

decimal form = way of interpreting numbers less than 1

significant figure = simplifies a long number, e.g. 6640 to 1.s.f. = 7000 because the second number is over 5

  • Types of data
Nominal level data = data in named categories

Ordinal level data = recording data as points on a scale, gaps between points are not always equal


Interval level data = records data as points on a scale, gaps between points are equal

Primary data = data gathered directly from sample

Secondary data = gathered from research done by other people


  • Descriptive statistics
Measures of central tendency = mode, median + mean
(if you don't know what these are don't take psychology)

Measures of dispersion
-Variance = average of squared differences
-Range = highest - lowest
-Standard deviation = how spread out the scores are

Bar chart- bars columns, not touching

Histogram = data grouped into ranges and plotted into bars/columns and they do touch each other


  • Inferential statistics
Normal distribution curve = bell shaped, 1 high point in the middle at the point of all 3 central tendencies

Skewed distribution curve = measures of central tendency do not lie in the middle together, can either be to the left (positive) or to the right (negative)

Significance level = probability that patterns in results rose by chance, usually at p. <0.05
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