Tuesday, 28 November 2017

perceptual development


Perception 

Perception is how we interpret everything around us and how we organise these sensations

Our perceptual systems keep us informed of what's happening in our environment and helps us respond accordingly

We experience the world through sensation, this is essential for survival


Development of perception in children

Most perceptual capacities emerge in the 1st year of life

The rate at which perception develops is interesting to psychologists understanding the interplay between brain development, perceptual processing and healthy functioning

Our auditory, olfaction and tactile systems are well developed at birth, the visual system is fairly immature and continues to develop for a few months


Visual perception

1- visual acuity

The sharpness of our vision and ability to detect fine details
How fast eye muscles contract and relax, allowing the eye to focus

Requires maturation of the cornea and retina to transmit a clear image, infants can see at 6 metres compared to 100 for adults


2- Binocular vision

Ability to perceive depth determined by strength of eye muscle control
We have 2 eyes that create a 3D image containing information from 2 visual fields

A newborn's eyes don't move as well together as an adult = immature depth perception


3- Colour

Sensitivity to colour develops as eye cones mature, cones are cells found at the retina and are responsible for colour vision

Young kids prefer bold colours and saturated images


4- Facial recognition

As visual capabilities develop and gain experience of their environment, infants change their ability to recognise focus


5- Depth perception

Visual ability to perceive the world in 3D
Monocular cues include motion parallax and size, and shape constancy

The point newborns use this information to inform depth judgement may not emerge until they're around 3 months old

Prosopagnosia = not being able to properly process faces

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